• Login
    • Join
  • FOLLOW:
  • Subscribe Free
    • Magazine
    • eNewsletter
    Checkout
    • Magazine
    • News
    • Exclusives
    • Nutraceuticals
    • Markets
    • Health
    • Jobs
    • Events
    • Buyers' Guide
    • Showcases
    • More
  • Magazine
  • News
  • Exclusives
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Markets
  • Health
  • Jobs
  • Events
  • Buyers' Guide
  • Showcases
  • Current & Past Issues
    Features
    Columns
    Editorials
    Digital Edition
    Subscribe Now
    Advertise Now
    eNewsletter
    Editorial Guidelines
    Top Features
    Citrus Support for the Blood Glucose-Immune System Connection

    A Glance At The Eye Health Market

    The Value of Vitamin D Testing

    A Growing Need for Mineral Supplementation

    More Than Just A Trend: Supplements Embedded in Consumer Health Regimens
    Breaking News
    Certifications, Approvals and Patents
    Exclusives
    Industry & Market News
    People
    Products
    Regulatory
    Research
    Supplier News
    Supplier Insights
    Live From Shows
    Top News
    New FDA Traceability Rule Appears to Omit Dietary Supplement Manufacturers

    Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula

    JRF Technology Debuts Elderberry Oral Film Strip

    Danone Adds to Plant-Based Portfolio with Acquisition of Follow Your Heart Brand

    Researchers Connect Gut Microbiome to Healthy Aging
    Exclusives
    Blogs & Guest Articles
    Health E-Insights
    Area Code 420
    eBook
    Antioxidants
    Dairy-Based Ingredients
    Enzymes
    Fatty Acids
    Fiber & Carbohydrates
    Green Foods
    Herbs & Botanicals
    Marine Nutraceuticals
    Minerals
    Omega 3s
    Probiotics & Prebiotics
    Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
    Sweeteners
    Vitamins

    Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula

    JRF Technology Debuts Elderberry Oral Film Strip

    House Resolution Calls for CDC and FDA to Back Vitamin D for COVID-19

    Gelita Discusses Bioactive Collagen Peptides and the E-sports Market

    FrieslandCampina Partners with Cayuga Milk Ingredients to Introduce Milk Proteins in U.S.
    Consumer Trends
    Contract Manufacturing
    Cosmeceuticals / Nutricosmetics
    Delivery & Dosage Technologies
    Dietary Supplements
    Flavors & Colors
    Functional Foods & Beverages
    Healthcare Trends
    Medical Nutrition
    Mergers & Acquisitions
    Natural/Organic
    Nutrition Bars
    Packaging
    Pet Nutraceuticals
    Quality & Safety
    Regulations
    Research
    Testing
    World Markets

    New FDA Traceability Rule Appears to Omit Dietary Supplement Manufacturers

    GMP Laboratories of America, Inc.: Addressing Industry Challenges for 25 Years

    Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula

    JRF Technology Debuts Elderberry Oral Film Strip

    Danone Adds to Plant-Based Portfolio with Acquisition of Follow Your Heart Brand
    Bone & Joint Health
    Cancer Risk
    Cardiovascular Health
    Cognitive Function
    Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
    Digestive Health
    Energy
    Eye Health
    Healthy Aging
    Immune Function
    Infant & Children's Health
    Inflammation
    Men's Health
    Mood Health & Sleep
    Oral Health
    Sexual & Reproductive Health
    Skin Health
    Sports Nutrition
    Weight Management/Weight Loss
    Women's Health

    Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula

    Researchers Connect Gut Microbiome to Healthy Aging

    House Resolution Calls for CDC and FDA to Back Vitamin D for COVID-19

    Gelita Discusses Bioactive Collagen Peptides and the E-sports Market

    FrieslandCampina Partners with Cayuga Milk Ingredients to Introduce Milk Proteins in U.S.
    Industry Events
    Live From Show Events
    Webinars
    All Companies
    Categories
    Trade Associations
    Company Capabilities
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    Gencor

    AIDP

    Nutrition21, LLC

    KLK OLEO - Davos Life Science

    Verdure Sciences
    Companies
    Product Releases
    News Releases
    Literature / Brochures
    White Papers
    Jobs
    VIdeos
    Services
    Add New Company
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    AIDP

    Bioenergy Life Science, Inc. (BLS)

    Aiya America (Matcha by Aiya)

    Chenland Nutritionals Inc.

    Indena USA, Inc.
    • Magazine
      • Current / Back Issue
      • Features
      • Editorial
      • Columns
      • Digital Edition
      • eNewsletter Archive
      • Editorial Guidelines
      • Subscribe Now
      • Advertise Now
    • Breaking News
    • Buyers' Guide
      • All Companies
      • Categories
      • Trade Associations
      • Company Capabilities
    • Nutraceuticals
      • Antioxidants
      • Dairy-Based Ingredients
      • Enzymes
      • Fatty Acids
      • Fiber & Carbohydrates
      • Green Foods
      • Herbs & Botanicals
      • Marine Nutraceuticals
      • Minerals
      • Omega 3s
      • Probiotics & Prebiotics
      • Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
      • Sweeteners
      • Vitamins
    • Markets
      • Consumer Trends
      • Contract Manufacturing
      • Cosmeceuticals / Nutricosmetics
      • Delivery & Dosage Technologies
      • Dietary Supplements
      • Flavors & Colors
      • Functional Foods & Beverages
      • Healthcare Trends
      • Medical Nutrition
      • Mergers & Acquisitions
      • Natural/Organic
      • Nutrition Bars
      • Packaging
      • Pet Nutraceuticals
      • Quality & Safety
      • Regulations
      • Research
      • Testing
      • World Markets
    • Health
      • Bone & Joint Health
      • Cancer Risk
      • Cardiovascular Health
      • Cognitive Function
      • Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
      • Digestive Health
      • Energy
      • Eye Health
      • Healthy Aging
      • Immune Function
      • Infant & Children's Health
      • Inflammation
      • Men's Health
      • Mood Health & Sleep
      • Oral Health
      • Sexual & Reproductive Health
      • Skin Health
      • Sports Nutrition
      • Weight Management/Weight Loss
      • Women's Health
    • Online Exclusives
    • Webinars
    • Slideshows
    • Blogs & Guest Articles
    • Health E-Insights
    • Videos
    • Podcasts
    • eBook
    • Infographics
    • Whitepapers
    • Research
      • TrendSense
      • Monograph Center
      • White Papers
      • Research News
    • Jobs
    • Events
      • Industry Events
      • Live From Show Events
      • Webinars
    • Supplier Showcases
      • Companies
      • Product Releases
      • News Releases
      • Literature / Brochures
      • White Papers
      • Jobs
      • VIdeos
      • Services
    • About Us
      • About Us
      • Contact Us
      • Advertise With Us
      • Privacy Policy
      • Terms of Use
    Breaking News

    Research Shows Potential for Making Edible Grasshoppers More Nutritious

    By modifying their fatty acid composition, scientists could make the long-horned grasshopper healthier for humans.

    Research Shows Potential for Making Edible Grasshoppers More Nutritious
    Related CONTENT
    • Comet Bio Launches Upcycled Arabinoxylan PREbiotic Dietary Fiber
    • Bioavailability of Vitamin MK-7 Enhanced in Milk-Fat Food Matrix
    • Combination of Curcumin & Boswellia Shown to Promote Exercise Recovery
    • Rye May Stabilize Blood Sugar Levels and Decrease Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    • Key Nutrient Choline May Lower Risk of Dementia
    10.25.19
    Research from the University of Eastern Finland suggests scientists may be able to improve the fatty acid composition of edible grasshoppers by adding essential fatty acids to their feed, making them healthier for human consumption.
     
    The study focused on the long-horned grasshopper Ruspolia differens, an economically and nutritionally important insect species that is common and widespread in Africa. 
     
    More than 2,000 insect species are known to be eaten by humans. Edible insects are one potential solution to global food security problems, since their production requires less space and water and has lower greenhouse emissions than the production of meat. However, for edible insects to realize their true potential as a source of food and feed, effective mass rearing methods for different species are needed. 
     
    “There are huge differences between different species: what works for one species, doesn’t necessarily work for another. In our most recent study, for example, we explored what kind of egg-laying media would be suitable for mass rearing of Ruspolia differens,” researcher Vilma Lehtovaara, MSc, from the University of Eastern Finland said. 
     
    “Our research has focused on the use of Ruspolia differens in Uganda, Africa. There, insects are vital for food security especially in rural areas. They often supplement people’s diets and are consumed as snacks,” Lehtovaara explained.
     
    Insects are collected by harvesting wild populations during swarming seasons. However, Ruspolia differens swarms only twice a year and the yields are highly unpredictable. In many places in East Africa, overexploitation is a cause of concern, as harvesting has intensified and grasslands are diminishing due to changes in land use.
     
    “Mass rearing is a way to help preserve wild populations in the long term. We studied how the species lives out in the wild and how these conditions could be mimicked in a lab. We also wanted to see what they eat in the wild, and whether they would accept also other foods,” Lehtovaara said.
     
    The researchers discovered that by adding essential fatty acids in the feed given to Ruspolia differens, it is possible to modify their fatty acid composition, making them even healthier for human consumption.
     
    “This is a phenomenon that hasn’t been studied in insects so much. We know that some species essentially ‘are what they eat’ and that their diet has an impact on their fatty acid composition. However, we didn’t know how dramatically their fatty acid composition could be modified, or how much alpha-linoleic acid (an omega 3 fatty acid) they could take in.”
     
    The researchers found that in some Ruspolia differens, up to 60% of their weight was fat, while insects typically contain only 10-30% fat. The fatty acid profile of lab-reared insects can be very different from those living in the wild.
     
    “We were able to modify the fatty acid composition of Ruspolia differens by making modifications to their feed at the end of their life-span. In other words, it is possible to use regular feed in the early stages of their development and to boost this feed with fatty acids later in their life, making their fatty acid composition optimal for human consumption. This is actually similar to what is being done with reared salmon. The same works in insects, but is much more efficient,” Lehtovaara concluded.
     
    Lehtovaara presented the findings in her doctoral dissertation focusing on Ruspolia differens. The doctoral dissertation, entitled Mass production of the edible long-horned grasshopper Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera:Tettigoniidae): Investigation of the basic parameters of rearing, is available for download.

    The doctoral dissertation was completed as part of the Developing mass rearing technology for the highly valued edible grasshopper, Ruspolia differens project. Funded by the Academy of Finland, the project was led by Professor Heikki Roininen at the University of Eastern Finland and it involved collaboration with Makerere University in Uganda.
    Related Searches
    • Essential Fatty Acids
    • Fatty Acid
    • Research
    • Omega 3
    Related Knowledge Center
    • Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
    • Fatty Acids
    • Research
    Suggested For You
    Comet Bio Launches Upcycled Arabinoxylan PREbiotic Dietary Fiber Comet Bio Launches Upcycled Arabinoxylan PREbiotic Dietary Fiber
    Bioavailability of Vitamin MK-7 Enhanced in Milk-Fat Food Matrix Bioavailability of Vitamin MK-7 Enhanced in Milk-Fat Food Matrix
    Combination of Curcumin & Boswellia Shown to Promote Exercise Recovery Combination of Curcumin & Boswellia Shown to Promote Exercise Recovery
    Rye May Stabilize Blood Sugar Levels and Decrease Cardiovascular Disease Risk Rye May Stabilize Blood Sugar Levels and Decrease Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    Key Nutrient Choline May Lower Risk of Dementia Key Nutrient Choline May Lower Risk of Dementia
    Study Confirms Joint Health Benefits of Eggshell Membrane Study Confirms Joint Health Benefits of Eggshell Membrane
    Blue Light at Night Increased Consumption of Sugar in Rat Study Blue Light at Night Increased Consumption of Sugar in Rat Study
    Nut Consumption May Improve ED Nut Consumption May Improve ED
    Adequate Protein Intake Associated with Lower Risk of Frailty Adequate Protein Intake Associated with Lower Risk of Frailty
    Study Finds Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption Unrelated to Stroke Risk Study Finds Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption Unrelated to Stroke Risk
    Whole Grains Can Change Intestinal Serotonin Production: Mouse Study Whole Grains Can Change Intestinal Serotonin Production: Mouse Study
    Researchers Say Keto Diet Could Prove Useful to Military Readiness Researchers Say Keto Diet Could Prove Useful to Military Readiness
    Turmeric & Curcumin: Rising Stars of the Nutrition World Turmeric & Curcumin: Rising Stars of the Nutrition World
    Ingredion Launches Plant-Based Ingredients for Pet Food Ingredion Launches Plant-Based Ingredients for Pet Food

    Related Breaking News

    • Antioxidants | Breaking News | Cognitive Function | Dietary Supplements | Functional Foods & Beverages | Mood Health & Sleep | Natural/Organic | Research | Research News | Supplier News | Weight Management/Weight Loss
      Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula

      Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula

      The placebo-controlled study found significant improvements in subjective quality of life assessments, body weight, and waist size.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.23.21

    • Breaking News | Digestive Health | Healthy Aging | Research | Research News
      Researchers Connect Gut Microbiome to Healthy Aging

      Researchers Connect Gut Microbiome to Healthy Aging

      Data from over 9,000 people show distinct gut microbiome signature associated with healthy aging and survival in latter decades of life.
      Sean Moloughney, Editor 02.23.21

    • Bone & Joint Health | Breaking News | Consumer Trends | Delivery & Dosage Technologies | Dietary Supplements | Functional Foods & Beverages | Healthcare Trends | Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids | Sports Nutrition | Supplier News | World Markets
      Gelita Discusses Bioactive Collagen Peptides and the E-sports Market

      Gelita Discusses Bioactive Collagen Peptides and the E-sports Market

      Competitive video gaming is becoming an accepted sports discipline, and more mainstream than ever.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.22.21


    • Breaking News | Consumer Trends | Dairy-Based Ingredients | Energy | Functional Foods & Beverages | Mergers & Acquisitions | Nutrition Bars & Snacks | Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids | Quality & Safety | Sports Nutrition | Supplier News
      FrieslandCampina Partners with Cayuga Milk Ingredients to Introduce Milk Proteins in U.S.

      FrieslandCampina Partners with Cayuga Milk Ingredients to Introduce Milk Proteins in U.S.

      The two milk proteins have a highly sustained release, and are ideal for recovery or endurance sports.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.22.21

    • Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Digestive Health | Herbs & Botanicals | Inflammation | Mood Health & Sleep | Natural/Organic | Research | Research News | World Markets
      Curcuminoid Complex Study Evidences Benefits to Gut Health and Mood

      Curcuminoid Complex Study Evidences Benefits to Gut Health and Mood

      While no gut microbiome changes were recorded, Curcugen supplementation improved measures of GI discomfort and an improved mood.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.18.21

    • Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Industry & Market News | Mergers & Acquisitions | Omega-3s | Regulations | Research | World Markets
      GOED Announces Partnership with Peruvian Omega-3s Group SNP

      GOED Announces Partnership with Peruvian Omega-3s Group SNP

      11 key Peruvian fishing companies are now members of GOED.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.18.21


    • Breaking News | Contract Manufacturing | Dietary Supplements | Functional Foods & Beverages | Industry & Market News | Quality & Safety | Research | Testing | World Markets
      Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences Announces Its Debut

      Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences Announces Its Debut

      The 501(C)(3) organization will focus on catalyzing research on bioactives, food safety, and many other topics of interest.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.18.21

    • Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Inflammation | Medical Nutrition | Natural/Organic | Omega-3s | Research | Research News
      Omega-3 Fatty Acids Linked to Reduced Asthma Risk, for Certain Gene Carriers

      Omega-3 Fatty Acids Linked to Reduced Asthma Risk, for Certain Gene Carriers

      A UK study found that children with a particular genetic makeup who ate more fish had up to 51% reductions in asthma risk.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.17.21

    • Antioxidants | Breaking News | Cardiovascular Health | Dietary Supplements | Green Foods | Healthcare Trends | Medical Nutrition | Research | Research News
      Study Identifies Possible Cardioprotective Compound in Coffee

      Study Identifies Possible Cardioprotective Compound in Coffee

      A coffee extract rich in chlorogenic acids improved endothelial function in the short-term, but more research is needed for long-term effects to be known.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.16.21


    • Breaking News | Cardiovascular Health | Consumer Trends | Functional Foods & Beverages | Medical Nutrition | Natural/Organic | Quality & Safety | Research | Research News
      Study Finds Decreased Risk of Heart Failure from Drinking More Coffee

      Study Finds Decreased Risk of Heart Failure from Drinking More Coffee

      The benefit is still trumped by smoking cessation, losing weight, and exercising, and did not apply to decaf.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.16.21

    • Bone & Joint Health | Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Medical Nutrition | Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids | Research | Sports Nutrition | Supplier News
      Study on Fortigel Collagen Peptides Suggests Knee Joint Discomfort Benefits

      Study on Fortigel Collagen Peptides Suggests Knee Joint Discomfort Benefits

      Specific types of peptides from the broader collagen family were able to achieve this unique benefit.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.16.21

    • Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Industry & Market News | Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
      Amino Acid Supplements Can Help Boost Immune Health

      Amino Acid Supplements Can Help Boost Immune Health

      Few consumers are aware of the various sources for these products.
      Sean Moloughney, Editor 02.16.21


    • Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Infant & Children's Health | Medical Nutrition | Omega-3s | Regulations | Regulatory News | Research | Sexual & Reproductive Health | Women's Health | World Markets
      Omega-3s Recommended in Australian Pregnancy Guidelines Update

      Omega-3s Recommended in Australian Pregnancy Guidelines Update

      This recommendation was approved by the National health and Medical Research Council for the national 2020-2025 guidelines.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.11.21

    • Breaking News | Cognitive Function | Consumer Trends | Green Foods | Healthcare Trends | Healthy Aging | Natural/Organic | Research | Research News
      Mediterranean Diet Linked to Cognitive Performance Later in Life

      Mediterranean Diet Linked to Cognitive Performance Later in Life

      While no differences in brain physiology were found, close adherence to the diet resulted in higher memory and thinking test scores.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.11.21

    • Bone & Joint Health | Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Healthcare Trends | Herbs & Botanicals | Inflammation | Medical Nutrition | Natural/Organic | Research | Supplier News | World Markets
      Preliminary Research Suggests Osteoarthritis Benefits for Herbal Formula JointAlive

      Preliminary Research Suggests Osteoarthritis Benefits for Herbal Formula JointAlive

      Chenland Nutritionals’ formula saw significant results in an animal study, with a human clinical trial slated for completion in 2022.
      Mike Montemarano, Associate Editor 02.11.21

    Trending
    • Nestlé To Sell North American Water Brands
    • House Resolution Calls For CDC And FDA To Back Vitamin D For COVID-19
    • Innova: Top Trends In Dairy Focus On Holistic Benefits
    • Carlson Launches New Grade Of Astaxanthin Gummies With Astaferm
    • Omega-3s Recommended In Australian Pregnancy Guidelines Update
    Breaking News
    • New FDA Traceability Rule Appears to Omit Dietary Supplement Manufacturers
    • Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula
    • JRF Technology Debuts Elderberry Oral Film Strip
    • Danone Adds to Plant-Based Portfolio with Acquisition of Follow Your Heart Brand
    • Researchers Connect Gut Microbiome to Healthy Aging
    View Breaking News >
    CURRENT ISSUE

    Jan/Feb 2021

    • Modern Snacking: Where Health & Indulgence Converge
    • More Than Just A Trend: Supplements Embedded in Consumer Health Regimens
    • A Growing Need for Mineral Supplementation
    • The Value of Vitamin D Testing
    • A Glance At The Eye Health Market
    • Citrus Support for the Blood Glucose-Immune System Connection
    • View More >

    Cookies help us to provide you with an excellent service. By using our website, you declare yourself in agreement with our use of cookies.
    You can obtain detailed information about the use of cookies on our website by clicking on "More information”.

    • About Us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms And Conditions
    • Contact Us

    follow us

    Subscribe
    Nutraceuticals World

    Latest Breaking News From Nutraceuticals World

    New FDA Traceability Rule Appears to Omit Dietary Supplement Manufacturers
    Clinical Trial Finds Metabolic Benefits for Polyphenols Formula
    JRF Technology Debuts Elderberry Oral Film Strip
    Coatings World

    Latest Breaking News From Coatings World

    Universal Display Corporation, PPG Expand Global Production of UniversalPHOLED Materials
    OQ Chemicals Increases Carboxylic Acids, Esters Prices
    Sensory Analytics Announces Issuance of Broad New Patent Covering Coating Thickness Measurement
    Medical Product Outsourcing

    Latest Breaking News From Medical Product Outsourcing

    Japan to Lead APAC Assisted Reproductive Technology Devices Market
    Portescap Slotless Brushless DC Motors Receive ISO 13485 Certification
    FDA Breakthrough Device Designation Given to MI Transcatheter Heart Pump
    Contract Pharma

    Latest Breaking News From Contract Pharma

    High Purity New England Bolsters Biopharma Solutions Services
    AMRI Contributes to Efforts to Increase COVID-19 Vax Supply
    CatSci Opens New Site in UK
    Beauty Packaging

    Latest Breaking News From Beauty Packaging

    Inahsi Naturals Achieves EU Compliance
    Biden Prioritizes PPP Relief for the Beauty Industry
    Christie Brinkley Joins SBLA Beauty
    Happi

    Latest Breaking News From Happi

    Sephora To Open More Stores in 2021
    Clean Beauty Collective Supports EarthDay.org
    Freckle Pens Are Spot On!
    Ink World

    Latest Breaking News From Ink World

    Etiflex Enters New Markets with Nilpeter FA-22 Installation
    Hydrocarbon Solvents Market to Surpass $8.1 Billion by 2030
    Lowe-Martin Adds 2 KODAK NEXFINITY Digital Presses
    Label & Narrow Web

    Latest Breaking News From Label & Narrow Web

    UFlex adds capacity in packaging films
    CEC expands into labels and packaging with Heidelberg
    ABG delivers Digicon Series 3 to UK printer
    Nonwovens Industry

    Latest Breaking News From Nonwovens Industry

    Mexico City Single-Use Plastics Ban Leads to Tampon Shortage
    Believe Diapers Launch in U.S.
    Forbes Ranks Rockline Among Best U.S. Employers
    Orthopedic Design & Technology

    Latest Breaking News From Orthopedic Design & Technology

    Kaia Health Unveils Next-Gen Complete MSK Care Solutions
    First Implantation of CTL Amedica's Minimally Invasive Flex Tower
    NuVasive Nabs Simplify Medical for $150M
    Printed Electronics Now

    Latest Breaking News From Printed Electronics Now

    Comercial Kywi Improves Customer Service, Front-Store Operations with Zebra Mobile Solution
    Global Printed Circuit Board Market Projected to Reach $69.32 Billion by 2027
    RFID Locks Market to Reach $9.93 Billion by 2027: Allied Market Research

    Copyright © 2021 Rodman Media. All rights reserved. Use of this constitutes acceptance of our privacy policy The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Rodman Media.

    AD BLOCKER DETECTED

    Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
    Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker.


    FREE SUBSCRIPTION Already a subscriber? Login