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    Peer-reviewed Research

    Multivitamins: Cancer among men

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    12.01.12
    Nutraceutical: Multivitamins

    Indication: Cancer among men

    Source: JAMA 2012;308(18):1871-1880

    Research: Multivitamin preparations are the most common dietary supplement, taken by at least one-third of all U.S. adults. This study aimed to determine if long-term multivitamin supplementation decreases the risk of total and site-specific cancer events among men. A large-scale, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Physicians’ Health Study II) of 14,641 male U.S. physicians initially aged 50 years or older (mean [SD] age, 64.3 [9.2] years), including 1,312 men with a history of cancer at randomization, enrolled in a common multivitamin study that began in 1997 with treatment and follow-up through June 1, 2011. Subjects received a daily multivitamin or placebo. Main outcome measures included total cancer (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer), with prostate, colorectal and other site-specific cancers among the secondary end points.

    Results: During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 11.2 (10.7-13.3) years, there were 2,669 men with confirmed cancer, including 1,373 cases of prostate cancer and 210 cases of colorectal cancer. Compared with placebo, men taking a daily multivitamin had a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of total cancer (multivitamin and placebo groups, 17.0 and 18.3 events, respectively, per 1,000 person-years; hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86-0.998; P = .04). According to results, there was no significant effect of a daily multivitamin on prostate cancer (multivitamin and placebo groups, 9.1 and 9.2 events, respectively, per 1,000 person-years; HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88-1.09; P = .76), colorectal cancer (multivitamin and placebo groups, 1.2 and 1.4 events, respectively, per 1,000 person-years; HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.68-1.17; P = .39), or other site-specific cancers. There was no significant difference in the risk of cancer mortality (multivitamin and placebo groups, 4.9 and 5.6 events, respectively, per 1,000 person-years; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77-1.01; P = .07). Daily multivitamin use was associated with a reduction in total cancer among 1,312 men with a baseline history of cancer (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56-0.96; P = .02), but this did not differ significantly from that among 13,329 men initially without cancer (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87-1.02; P = .15; P for interaction = .07). Researchers concluded that in this large prevention trial of male physicians, daily multivitamin supplementation modestly but significantly reduced the risk of total cancer.
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      Source: Journal of Nutrition, March 2015, 114.204743 Research: Multivitamin-mineral (MVM) products are the most commonly used supplements in the U.S., followed by multivitamin (MV) products. Two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) did not show an ef…
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      Nutraceutical: Vitamin C Indication: Hearing Loss Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, June 2014 Research: Previous animal studies have shown that vitamins may prevent age-related hearing loss. However, no concrete conclusions have been…
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      Nutraceutical: Multivitamin Indication: Cataracts/Age-Related Macular Degeneration Source: Ophthalmology, Vol. 121, Issue 2; 525-534, February 2014 Research: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was designed to test whether long…
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      Nutraceutical: Multivitamins and Selenium Indication: HIV Disease Progression Source: Journal of the American Medical Association, 2013;310(20):2154-2163 Research: Researchers investigated whether long-term micronutrient supplementation is effecti…
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      Nutraceutical: Iron Indication: Maternal Anemia Source: British Medical Journal June 2013; 346:f3443 Research: This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to summarize evidence on the associations of maternal anemia and prenatal iron use with…
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      AREDS 2 Formula: Age-Related Macular Degeneration

      Nutraceutical: AREDS 2 Formula (Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Omega 3 Fatty Acids) Indication: Age-Related MacularDegeneration Source: JAMA 2013;309(19):2005-2015 Research: Oral supplementation with the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) formulation (ant…
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      Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acids & CoQ10: Prostate Health

      Nutraceuticals: Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acids & CoQ10 Indication: Prostate Health Source: British Journal of Nutrition, doi:10.1017/S0007114512004783. Research: The main objective of this study was to determine the potential of omega 3 and omega 6…
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      Antioxidants: Pancreatic cancer

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