• Login
    • Join
  • FOLLOW:
  • Subscribe Free
    • Magazine
    • eNewsletter
    Checkout
    • Magazine
    • News
    • Exclusives
    • Nutraceuticals
    • Markets
    • Health
    • Jobs
    • Events
    • Buyers' Guide
    • Showcases
    • More
  • Magazine
  • News
  • Exclusives
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Markets
  • Health
  • Jobs
  • Events
  • Buyers' Guide
  • Showcases
  • Current & Past Issues
    Features
    Columns
    Editorials
    Digital Edition
    Subscribe Now
    Advertise Now
    eNewsletter
    Editorial Guidelines
    Top Features
    Health Products Association - China Executive Director Reflects on Market Dynamics, Challenges

    Blood Sugar Management: Personalized Testing Drives Home The Need for Early Intervention

    New and Evolving Formulation Options Must Be Mindful of Blood Sugar Maintenance

    Tapping Functional Beverages to Meet Modern Wellness Needs

    Adaptogens: Where Ancient Remedies Meet Modern Wellness Products
    Breaking News
    Certifications, Approvals and Patents
    Exclusives
    Industry & Market News
    People
    Products
    Regulatory
    Research
    Supplier News
    Supplier Insights
    Live From Shows
    Top News
    CRN Announces New Staff Appointments

    Food Supplements Europe: Most Consumers Use Dietary Supplements Safely

    True Westfjords Launches Dropi Cod Liver Oil Tonic

    Alkemist Labs Warns About Missing Components to Pesticide Testing

    Boswellia and Bengal Quince Fruit Extract Blend Linked to Respiratory Benefits
    Exclusives
    Blogs & Guest Articles
    Health E-Insights
    Area Code 420
    eBook
    Antioxidants
    Dairy-Based Ingredients
    Enzymes
    Fatty Acids
    Fiber & Carbohydrates
    Green Foods
    Herbs & Botanicals
    Marine Nutraceuticals
    Minerals
    Omega 3s
    Probiotics & Prebiotics
    Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
    Sweeteners
    Vitamins

    True Westfjords Launches Dropi Cod Liver Oil Tonic

    Alkemist Labs Warns About Missing Components to Pesticide Testing

    Boswellia and Bengal Quince Fruit Extract Blend Linked to Respiratory Benefits

    Largest Cannabinoids Trial to Date Yields Positive Findings on Pain Management

    Kensing Acquires Vitae Naturals
    Consumer Trends
    Contract Manufacturing
    Cosmeceuticals / Nutricosmetics
    Delivery & Dosage Technologies
    Dietary Supplements
    Flavors & Colors
    Functional Foods & Beverages
    Healthcare Trends
    Medical Nutrition
    Mergers & Acquisitions
    Natural/Organic
    Nutrition Bars
    Packaging
    Pet Nutraceuticals
    Quality & Safety
    Regulations
    Research
    Testing
    World Markets

    CRN Announces New Staff Appointments

    Food Supplements Europe: Most Consumers Use Dietary Supplements Safely

    True Westfjords Launches Dropi Cod Liver Oil Tonic

    ODSP Director Cara Welch Discusses Agency Priorities

    Alkemist Labs Warns About Missing Components to Pesticide Testing
    Bone & Joint Health
    Cancer Risk
    Cardiovascular Health
    Cognitive Function
    Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
    Digestive Health
    Energy
    Eye Health
    Healthy Aging
    Immune Function
    Infant & Children's Health
    Inflammation
    Men's Health
    Mood Health & Sleep
    Oral Health
    Sexual & Reproductive Health
    Skin Health
    Sports Nutrition
    Weight Management/Weight Loss
    Women's Health

    Boswellia and Bengal Quince Fruit Extract Blend Linked to Respiratory Benefits

    Younger Consumers Drive Growing Demand for Ingestible Beauty and Skin Care Products

    Lynside® Forte B offers full range of B-vitamin benefits with nutritional yeast

    CoQ10 and Royal Jelly Supplementation May Improve High Intensity Exercise

    Shiitake Mushroom Extract Appears Helpful in HPV Infections
    Industry Events
    Live From Show Events
    Webinars
    All Companies
    Categories
    Trade Associations
    Company Capabilities
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    KLK OLEO

    Xsto Solutions

    Aiya America, Inc. (Aiya Matcha)

    Bioactive Resources

    Atlantia Clinical Trials
    Companies
    Product Releases
    News Releases
    Literature / Brochures
    White Papers
    Jobs
    VIdeos
    Services
    Add New Company
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    KLK OLEO

    Xsto Solutions

    Aiya America, Inc. (Aiya Matcha)

    Bioactive Resources

    Atlantia Clinical Trials
    • Magazine
      • Current / Back Issue
      • Features
      • Editorial
      • Columns
      • Digital Edition
      • eNewsletter Archive
      • Editorial Guidelines
      • Subscribe Now
      • Advertise Now
    • Breaking News
    • Buyers' Guide
      • All Companies
      • Categories
      • Trade Associations
      • Company Capabilities
    • Nutraceuticals
      • Antioxidants
      • Dairy-Based Ingredients
      • Enzymes
      • Fatty Acids
      • Fiber & Carbohydrates
      • Green Foods
      • Herbs & Botanicals
      • Marine Nutraceuticals
      • Minerals
      • Omega 3s
      • Probiotics & Prebiotics
      • Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
      • Sweeteners
      • Vitamins
    • Markets
      • Consumer Trends
      • Contract Manufacturing
      • Cosmeceuticals / Nutricosmetics
      • Delivery & Dosage Technologies
      • Dietary Supplements
      • Flavors & Colors
      • Functional Foods & Beverages
      • Healthcare Trends
      • Medical Nutrition
      • Mergers & Acquisitions
      • Natural/Organic
      • Nutrition Bars
      • Packaging
      • Pet Nutraceuticals
      • Quality & Safety
      • Regulations
      • Research
      • Testing
      • World Markets
    • Health
      • Bone & Joint Health
      • Cancer Risk
      • Cardiovascular Health
      • Cognitive Function
      • Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
      • Digestive Health
      • Energy
      • Eye Health
      • Healthy Aging
      • Immune Function
      • Infant & Children's Health
      • Inflammation
      • Men's Health
      • Mood Health & Sleep
      • Oral Health
      • Sexual & Reproductive Health
      • Skin Health
      • Sports Nutrition
      • Weight Management/Weight Loss
      • Women's Health
    • Online Exclusives
    • Webinars
    • Slideshows
    • Blogs & Guest Articles
    • Health E-Insights
    • Videos
    • Podcasts
    • Infographics
    • eBook
    • Whitepapers
    • Research
      • TrendSense
      • Monograph Center
      • White Papers
      • Research News
    • Jobs
    • Events
      • Industry Events
      • Live From Show Events
      • Webinars
    • Supplier Showcases
      • Companies
      • Product Releases
      • News Releases
      • Literature / Brochures
      • White Papers
      • Jobs
      • VIdeos
      • Services
    • About Us
      • About Us
      • Contact Us
      • Advertise With Us
      • Privacy Policy
      • Terms of Use
    Features

    Nutrition Flows With Dairy

    Dairy is becoming increasingly popular in the nutraceutical beverage segment due to its solid nutritional profile and its ability to serve as a medium for the delivery of other nutrients.

    Related CONTENT
    • AgriFiber Showcases Soluble Fiber Portfolio at IFT Trade Show
    • ChickP Launches Protein Isolates for Dairy Alternative/Coffee Drinks
    • MycoTechnology Debuts Plant Proteins Derived from Mycelial Fermentation
    • Fi & Hi Europe Returns with Over 20,000 Global Attendees Expected
    • Azelis Opens Food and Nutrition Lab in Cairo, Egypt
    Bill Haines, PhD10.01.04
    Today's beverages need to be more than just thirst quenchers. Last year alone, functional beverage sales were estimated at $9 billion, an increase of 12% over the year before. And over the past six years, the $50 billion-a-year wellness and functional beverage segments have driven almost all the growth in the entire non-alcoholic beverage market, according to the Beverage Marketing Corporation, New York, NY.

    Beverages now face the challenge of being not only flavorful, but also nutritious, oftentimes offering unique health benefits. Functional beverages now address active lifestyles, weight loss, lower-carb/higher-protein lifestyles and general nutrition.

    With an already healthy image, dairy is an excellent solution for formulating flavorful and nutritious functional beverages such as sport drinks, energy drinks and smoothies. Dairy-based beverages provide superior nutrition, as dairy is a source of high-quality proteins, calcium, potassium and other nutrients. The fat in milk can also be a natural source of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which may offer health benefits. Dairy also provides an excellent vehicle for delivering probiotics, which research suggests may play an important role in intestinal health, immunity and other health issues. In addition, ultrafiltered (UF) milk provides the opportunity to create unique dairy-based beverages, such as lower-carb/higher-protein drinks.


    Dairy Proteins Offer the Whole Package



    Dairy proteins, such as casein and whey, offer all of the essential amino acids the body requires. Whey protein, in particular, has a high biological value compared with other proteins (104 for whey protein vs. 88-100 for eggs, 74 for soy protein and 54 for wheat). Biological value is a measurement of protein quality that expresses the efficiency with which the body uses protein.

    Whether inherently present in a milk base or used as isolated ingredients, dairy proteins provide beverages not only with a source of high-quality protein, but also may add a variety of health benefits. Emerging research is uncovering the potential of dairy proteins to help in weight control and lean muscle preservation. Preliminary studies also suggest benefits in lowering high blood pressure and enhancing immunity. These benefits make dairy proteins ideal for a variety of functional beverages.

    Weight management. Research suggests that higher daily intake of proteins and their components, especially the high amount of leucine found in dairy proteins, may help people lose fat while preserving lean muscle. Whey protein is also the highest natural source of leucine.

    Sports nutrition. Dairy proteins provide a high concentration of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) with little or no fat, cholesterol or lactose. BCAAs are unique among amino acids in their ability to provide an energy source during endurance exercise. The oxidation of amino acids, mainly BCAAs, can provide 10% to 15% of the total energy required during exercise.

    Cardiovascular health. Various components of dairy proteins may offer advantages in reducing elevated blood pressure.

    Protection against infections and viruses. Dairy proteins contain several components that may help the human body protect itself against toxins, bacteria and viruses. For example, lactoferrin, an iron-binding whey protein, may increase iron absorption and transport, enhance immunity and stimulate growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract. Further, immunoglobulins have shown antimicrobial activity and may neutralize toxins and viruses.


    Probiotics' Positive Appeal



    Drinkable yogurts and refrigerated smoothies offer one of the best incremental growth opportunities for beverages, opening the door to more widespread use of probiotics. "Beverages marketed largely for health-as opposed to largely for convenience or fun-are the best match for probiotics for success," according to Mary Ellen Sanders, consultant, Dairy and Food Culture Technologies, Centennial, CO. "Drinkable yogurts are the most obvious choice for probiotics, but kefir seems to be really catching on, too. Blended smoothie-type drinks (mixed with fruit juices) could also be quite successful."

    Probiotics are a perfect fit for these dairy-based beverages, as dairy is an excellent vehicle to deliver beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species. Consumption of probiotics with dairy foods such as milk, yogurt and cheese buffers stomach acid and increases the chance that the bacteria will survive into the intestine. Research funded by America's dairy farmers is exploring potential synergistic effects between components in dairy foods and probiotic cultures.

    The healthful properties of probiotics also work well with the healthful properties of dairy beverages. "I think the concepts of immune support, allergy prevention or symptom control, and prevention of infection are easy to market to health-conscious people," said Ms. Sanders.

    Probiotic cultures have been shown in a variety of test systems to stimulate certain cellular and antibody functions of the immune system. Animal and some human studies have shown an effect of yogurt or lactic acid bacteria on enhancing levels of certain immunoreactive cells (e.g. macrophages and lymphocytes) or factors (cytokines, immunoglobulins and interferon). In addition, some studies have shown improved survival of pathogen-infected laboratory animals consuming probiotic cultures as compared to animals consuming a control diet.

    Research in Finland suggests that exposure to probiotics early in life may decrease the risk of allergy. One particular study reported a 50% drop in the incidence of recurring atopic eczema in infants receiving a Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supplement.

    When formulating dairy beverages with probiotics, several factors need to be considered. The farmer-funded California Dairy Research Foundation and Dairy and Food Culture Technologies (www.usprobiotics.org) recommend looking for documentation of type of bacteria (genus and species), potency (number of viable bacteria per dose), purity (presence of contaminating or ineffective bacteria) and the extent of research that has been published on health effects.

    Ms. Sanders says stability is also crucial. "It is important that the target dose is maintained through the end of shelf life," she said. "Technical challenges include acidic dairy products, products, which suffer temperature fluctuations during storage, and other ingredients or exposures (e.g., a lot of oxygen), which are inhibitory to bacterial survival." All of these factors need to be understood when using probiotics in dairy beverages.


    Dairy's Special Fatty Acid



    Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a fatty acid naturally present in cow's milk and certain animal meats, particularly beef and lamb. Emerging research indicates that milk-derived CLA might hold anti-cancer properties and positively impact cardiovascular health.

    Studies examining cancer cells in animals demonstrate that the form of CLA in milk is effective against many types of cancer. More specifically, biomedical studies with animal models have shown that CLA is among the most potent naturally occurring anticarcinogens. Additional research is required to determine the potential proactive effect of CLA on humans, however.

    Other research suggests CLA may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. In investigations with biomedical animal models, the form of CLA in milk causes shifts in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol that are associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. The isomer of CLA in ruminant fat does not affect body fat or body composition.

    Compared to all other foods, dairy products are the major natural source of CLA. The CLA in milk is produced by the cow during the process of milk synthesis from a precursor fatty acid made by the microbes in a cow's stomach.

    Research is currently underway to produce milk with higher levels of CLA by modifying dairy cow feed. Scientists at the farmer-funded Northeast Dairy Center at Cornell University are presently testing milk with higher levels of CLA to determine sensory characteristics such as appearance, flavor, aroma and texture.


    Calcium, the Essential Nutrient



    Adding calcium in the form of nonfat dry milk, dairy calcium or a milk mineral complex brings added benefits to beverage formulations. This mineral is not only essential for bone health; it has also been linked to the maintenance of healthy blood pressure and reduction of dental cavities.

    A recent study showed that people on a reduced-calorie diet who consumed three servings of milk, cheese or yogurt each day lost significantly more weight and more body fat than those who just cut calories, while consuming little or no dairy. The mix of nutrients found in dairy foods, especially calcium, may be responsible for helping the body break down and burn fat.


    Refining Dairy for Lower-Carb Beverages



    Ongoing farmer-funded research is poised to boost innovation in dairy-based beverages. Ultrafiltration removes part of the lactose, soluble minerals and water from whole or skim milk. The resulting ultrafiltered (UF) milk, in both fluid and powdered forms, offers opportunities for lower-carb beverages. The milk protein concentrates generated from ultrafiltration are ideally suited to producing lower-carb dairy-based beverages and serving as protein ingredients in functional beverages.

    Ultrafiltration, combined with other technologies, also can result in ultrafiltered fluid milk with an extended shelf life and a lower carbohydrate content. This can stand alone as a unique dairy-based beverage or be used in novel dairy drinks such as smoothies or fermented dairy beverages.

    Dairy's presence in the functional beverage segment will only grow stronger as ultrafiltration technology advances and research continues to unveil the unique health benefits of the components in dairy. From proteins and probiotics to nine essential vitamins and minerals, dairy-based beverages have much to offer today's health-conscious consumer.NW


    About the author: Bill Haines, PhD, is vice president, product innovation, Dairy Management Inc. (DMI), Rosemont, IL. DMI is the domestic and international planning and management organization that builds demand for U.S.-produced dairy products on behalf of America's dairy farmers. For more information on using dairy in beverages, contact the DMI Technical Support Hotline at 800-248-8829.
    Related Searches
    • Sports Nutrition
    • Minerals
    • Vitamins
    • Cardiovascular Health
    Related Knowledge Center
    • Minerals
    • Skin Health
    • Vitamins
    Suggested For You
    AgriFiber Showcases Soluble Fiber Portfolio at IFT Trade Show AgriFiber Showcases Soluble Fiber Portfolio at IFT Trade Show
    ChickP Launches Protein Isolates for Dairy Alternative/Coffee Drinks ChickP Launches Protein Isolates for Dairy Alternative/Coffee Drinks
    MycoTechnology Debuts Plant Proteins Derived from Mycelial Fermentation MycoTechnology Debuts Plant Proteins Derived from Mycelial Fermentation
    Fi & Hi Europe Returns with Over 20,000 Global Attendees Expected Fi & Hi Europe Returns with Over 20,000 Global Attendees Expected
    Azelis Opens Food and Nutrition Lab in Cairo, Egypt Azelis Opens Food and Nutrition Lab in Cairo, Egypt
    Roquette Launches Nutralys Rice Protein Roquette Launches Nutralys Rice Protein
    New and Evolving Formulation Options Must Be Mindful of Blood Sugar Maintenance New and Evolving Formulation Options Must Be Mindful of Blood Sugar Maintenance
    Health Products Association - China Executive Director Reflects on Market Dynamics, Challenges Health Products Association - China Executive Director Reflects on Market Dynamics, Challenges
    Stratum Launches Two Dairy-Free Probiotic Ingredients Stratum Launches Two Dairy-Free Probiotic Ingredients
    Danone Celebrates 10th Anniversary of Grant Program for Probiotics Research Danone Celebrates 10th Anniversary of Grant Program for Probiotics Research
    Consumer Conviction: Results of consumer satisfaction study on mental wellness and sleep. Consumer Conviction: Results of consumer satisfaction study on mental wellness and sleep.
    Red Seaweed Digestive Supplement for Cattle Could Reduce Enteric Methane Emissions by 80% Red Seaweed Digestive Supplement for Cattle Could Reduce Enteric Methane Emissions by 80%
    Beneo Announces New Pulse Processing Plant Beneo Announces New Pulse Processing Plant
    NGS Launches Healthy Heights KidzProtein Nutritional Shakes NGS Launches Healthy Heights KidzProtein Nutritional Shakes
    ADM Invests $300 Million to Expand Soy Protein Production ADM Invests $300 Million to Expand Soy Protein Production

    Related Live From Shows

    • AgriFiber Showcases Soluble Fiber Portfolio at IFT Trade Show

      AgriFiber Showcases Soluble Fiber Portfolio at IFT Trade Show

      The ingredients show promise in overcoming texture hurdles for various plant-based formulation.
      07.06.22

    • ChickP Launches Protein Isolates for Dairy Alternative/Coffee Drinks

      ChickP Launches Protein Isolates for Dairy Alternative/Coffee Drinks

      The chickpea-based milk analog prototype follows previous performances as an egg replacer for vegan mayonnaise.
      07.06.22

    • MycoTechnology Debuts Plant Proteins Derived from Mycelial Fermentation

      MycoTechnology Debuts Plant Proteins Derived from Mycelial Fermentation

      FermentIQ plant proteins will be showcased at IFT Expo 2022.
      07.06.22


    • Breaking News | Dietary Supplements | Functional Foods & Beverages | Industry & Market News | World Markets
      Fi & Hi Europe Returns with Over 20,000 Global Attendees Expected

      Fi & Hi Europe Returns with Over 20,000 Global Attendees Expected

      The in-person/online hybrid event is slated for Dec. 6-8.
      06.27.22

    • Breaking News | Functional Foods & Beverages | Supplier News | World Markets
      Azelis Opens Food and Nutrition Lab in Cairo, Egypt

      Azelis Opens Food and Nutrition Lab in Cairo, Egypt

      The lab will focus on providing technical support to customers in the region in areas of dairy and beverages.
      06.27.22

    Loading, Please Wait..
    Trending
    • High Blood DHA Levels Linked To 49% Reduced Risk Of Alzheimer’s
    • CoQ10 And Royal Jelly Supplementation May Improve High Intensity Exercise
    • Oregon Files Lawsuit Against GNC
    • First Day Life Shuts Down Children's Behavioral, Cognitive Health Claims Following Challenge
    • Olive/Pomegranate Extract May Improve Dyslipidemia
    Breaking News
    • CRN Announces New Staff Appointments
    • Food Supplements Europe: Most Consumers Use Dietary Supplements Safely
    • True Westfjords Launches Dropi Cod Liver Oil Tonic
    • Alkemist Labs Warns About Missing Components to Pesticide Testing
    • Boswellia and Bengal Quince Fruit Extract Blend Linked to Respiratory Benefits
    View Breaking News >
    CURRENT ISSUE

    June 2022

    • Tapping Functional Beverages to Meet Modern Wellness Needs
    • Adaptogens: Where Ancient Remedies Meet Modern Wellness Products
    • New and Evolving Formulation Options Must Be Mindful of Blood Sugar Maintenance
    • Health Products Association - China Executive Director Reflects on Market Dynamics, Challenges
    • Blood Sugar Management: Personalized Testing Drives Home The Need for Early Intervention
    • View More >

    Cookies help us to provide you with an excellent service. By using our website, you declare yourself in agreement with our use of cookies.
    You can obtain detailed information about the use of cookies on our website by clicking on "More information”.

    • About Us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms And Conditions
    • Contact Us

    follow us

    Subscribe
    Nutraceuticals World

    Latest Breaking News From Nutraceuticals World

    CRN Announces New Staff Appointments
    Food Supplements Europe: Most Consumers Use Dietary Supplements Safely
    True Westfjords Launches Dropi Cod Liver Oil Tonic
    Coatings World

    Latest Breaking News From Coatings World

    Evonik Introduces TEGO®Dispers 658 Sustainable Dispersing Additive
    Birla Carbon Launches Website in China
    Advanced Polymer Coatings Inks Ten Tanker deal with Turkey’s Chemfleet
    Medical Product Outsourcing

    Latest Breaking News From Medical Product Outsourcing

    Therapeutic Respiratory Devices Market to Top $58 Billion
    Getinge Completes Purchase of Fluoptics SAS
    InBody Expands Blood Pressure Line
    Contract Pharma

    Latest Breaking News From Contract Pharma

    WuXi STA Opens Oligonucleotide and Peptide Manufacturing Facility
    Evotec, Boehringer Ingelheim and BioMérieux Form Joint Venture
    Qualigen, Hande Sciences Partner to Scale-Up Mfg. for IND-Enabling Studies
    Beauty Packaging

    Latest Breaking News From Beauty Packaging

    Summer Camp Launches Line of Safe & Effective Sun Care Products
    Ameripen’s Dan Felton Voices Concerns About California Senate Bill 54
    Arkay Receives Platinum Rating in EcoVadis CSR Assessment
    Happi

    Latest Breaking News From Happi

    Alene Candles Expands Ohio Operations
    Azelis Signs Distribution Agreement with Seqens Advanced Cosmetics
    Talc-Free Eyeshadow Debuts from Kevyn Aucoin Beauty
    Ink World

    Latest Breaking News From Ink World

    Two ProAmpac Facilities Receive Key ISO Certifications
    BASF Venture Capital Invests in Climentum Capital’s First Fund
    JNS-SmithChem Acquires Tampa-Based Gulf Coast Chemical
    Label & Narrow Web

    Latest Breaking News From Label & Narrow Web

    Paper Resources rebrands as Pri+
    Rotocon debuts new logo
    Mark Andy to showcase digital transformation at Labelexpo ​​​​​​
    Nonwovens Industry

    Latest Breaking News From Nonwovens Industry

    Paper Excellence Group to Buy Resolute Forest Products
    Rose Baby Diaper Brand to Be Available in U.S.
    SWM, Neenah Complete Merger of Equals
    Orthopedic Design & Technology

    Latest Breaking News From Orthopedic Design & Technology

    Stimwave, Aspen Medical Partnering on Wearable Pain Management Solutions
    Enovis Buys Insight Medical Systems, a Surgical Guidance Firm
    No Revisions, Few Complications for Exactech's Total Ankle System
    Printed Electronics Now

    Latest Breaking News From Printed Electronics Now

    Veridos Acquires Valid’s US Identity Solutions Business
    First Solar Completes Sale of Japan Project Development Platform to PAG Real Assets
    NREL Scientists Explore How to Make PV Even Greener

    Copyright © 2022 Rodman Media. All rights reserved. Use of this constitutes acceptance of our privacy policy The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Rodman Media.

    AD BLOCKER DETECTED

    Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
    Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker.


    FREE SUBSCRIPTION Already a subscriber? Login