• Login
    • Join
  • FOLLOW:
  • Subscribe Free
    • Magazine
    • eNewsletter
    Checkout
    • Magazine
    • News
    • Exclusives
    • Nutraceuticals
    • Markets
    • Health
    • Jobs
    • Events
    • Buyers' Guide
    • Showcases
    • More
  • Magazine
  • News
  • Exclusives
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Markets
  • Health
  • Jobs
  • Events
  • Buyers' Guide
  • Showcases
  • Current & Past Issues
    Features
    Columns
    Editorials
    Digital Edition
    Subscribe Now
    Advertise Now
    eNewsletter
    Editorial Guidelines
    Top Features
    Delivering Better Gut Health Supplements

    Delivering Dietary Supplements that Exceed Consumer Expectations

    Green Business Network Seeks Comment on New Certification for Hemp-CBD Businesses

    Sweeteners Market Continues to Broaden with Cleaner Labels and Better Formulations

    Optimizing Gut Health: Unlocking the Gates to Well-Being
    Breaking News
    Certifications, Approvals and Patents
    Exclusives
    Industry & Market News
    People
    Products
    Regulatory
    Research
    Supplier News
    Supplier Insights
    Live From Shows
    Top News
    Four-Week Fish Oil Regimen Showed Significant Muscular Damage Protection in Recent Study

    Review Covers Role of Vitamin K2 in the ‘Calcium Paradox’

    KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets

    Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health

    Green Leafy Vegetable Intervention Reduces Marker of Colorectal Cancer Risk, Study Finds
    Exclusives
    Blogs & Guest Articles
    Health E-Insights
    Area Code 420
    eBook
    Antioxidants
    Dairy-Based Ingredients
    Enzymes
    Fatty Acids
    Fiber & Carbohydrates
    Green Foods
    Herbs & Botanicals
    Marine Nutraceuticals
    Minerals
    Omega 3s
    Probiotics & Prebiotics
    Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
    Sweeteners
    Vitamins

    Four-Week Fish Oil Regimen Showed Significant Muscular Damage Protection in Recent Study

    Review Covers Role of Vitamin K2 in the ‘Calcium Paradox’

    KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets

    Green Leafy Vegetable Intervention Reduces Marker of Colorectal Cancer Risk, Study Finds

    Kyowa Hakko Launches Heat-Treated Probiotic Strain for Eye Health
    Consumer Trends
    Contract Manufacturing
    Cosmeceuticals / Nutricosmetics
    Delivery & Dosage Technologies
    Dietary Supplements
    Flavors & Colors
    Functional Foods & Beverages
    Healthcare Trends
    Medical Nutrition
    Mergers & Acquisitions
    Natural/Organic
    Nutrition Bars
    Packaging
    Pet Nutraceuticals
    Quality & Safety
    Regulations
    Research
    Testing
    World Markets

    Four-Week Fish Oil Regimen Showed Significant Muscular Damage Protection in Recent Study

    Review Covers Role of Vitamin K2 in the ‘Calcium Paradox’

    KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets

    Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health

    Green Leafy Vegetable Intervention Reduces Marker of Colorectal Cancer Risk, Study Finds
    Bone & Joint Health
    Cancer Risk
    Cardiovascular Health
    Cognitive Function
    Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
    Digestive Health
    Energy
    Eye Health
    Healthy Aging
    Immune Function
    Infant & Children's Health
    Inflammation
    Men's Health
    Mood Health & Sleep
    Oral Health
    Sexual & Reproductive Health
    Skin Health
    Sports Nutrition
    Weight Management/Weight Loss
    Women's Health

    Four-Week Fish Oil Regimen Showed Significant Muscular Damage Protection in Recent Study

    Review Covers Role of Vitamin K2 in the ‘Calcium Paradox’

    Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health

    Green Leafy Vegetable Intervention Reduces Marker of Colorectal Cancer Risk, Study Finds

    Kyowa Hakko Launches Heat-Treated Probiotic Strain for Eye Health
    Industry Events
    Live From Show Events
    Webinars
    All Companies
    Categories
    Trade Associations
    Company Capabilities
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    KLK OLEO - Davos Life Science

    Chenland Nutritionals Inc.

    Indena USA, Inc.

    Sabinsa Corporation

    AIDP
    Companies
    Product Releases
    News Releases
    Literature / Brochures
    White Papers
    Jobs
    VIdeos
    Services
    Add New Company
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    Aiya America (Matcha by Aiya)

    Sabinsa Corporation

    AIDP

    Nutrition21, LLC

    Vesta Nutra
    • Magazine
      • Current / Back Issue
      • Features
      • Editorial
      • Columns
      • Digital Edition
      • eNewsletter Archive
      • Editorial Guidelines
      • Subscribe Now
      • Advertise Now
    • Breaking News
    • Buyers' Guide
      • All Companies
      • Categories
      • Trade Associations
      • Company Capabilities
    • Nutraceuticals
      • Antioxidants
      • Dairy-Based Ingredients
      • Enzymes
      • Fatty Acids
      • Fiber & Carbohydrates
      • Green Foods
      • Herbs & Botanicals
      • Marine Nutraceuticals
      • Minerals
      • Omega 3s
      • Probiotics & Prebiotics
      • Proteins, Peptides, Amino Acids
      • Sweeteners
      • Vitamins
    • Markets
      • Consumer Trends
      • Contract Manufacturing
      • Cosmeceuticals / Nutricosmetics
      • Delivery & Dosage Technologies
      • Dietary Supplements
      • Flavors & Colors
      • Functional Foods & Beverages
      • Healthcare Trends
      • Medical Nutrition
      • Mergers & Acquisitions
      • Natural/Organic
      • Nutrition Bars
      • Packaging
      • Pet Nutraceuticals
      • Quality & Safety
      • Regulations
      • Research
      • Testing
      • World Markets
    • Health
      • Bone & Joint Health
      • Cancer Risk
      • Cardiovascular Health
      • Cognitive Function
      • Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
      • Digestive Health
      • Energy
      • Eye Health
      • Healthy Aging
      • Immune Function
      • Infant & Children's Health
      • Inflammation
      • Men's Health
      • Mood Health & Sleep
      • Oral Health
      • Sexual & Reproductive Health
      • Skin Health
      • Sports Nutrition
      • Weight Management/Weight Loss
      • Women's Health
    • Online Exclusives
    • Webinars
    • Slideshows
    • Blogs & Guest Articles
    • Health E-Insights
    • Videos
    • Podcasts
    • eBook
    • Infographics
    • Whitepapers
    • Research
      • TrendSense
      • Monograph Center
      • White Papers
      • Research News
    • Jobs
    • Events
      • Industry Events
      • Live From Show Events
      • Webinars
    • Supplier Showcases
      • Companies
      • Product Releases
      • News Releases
      • Literature / Brochures
      • White Papers
      • Jobs
      • VIdeos
      • Services
    • About Us
      • About Us
      • Contact Us
      • Advertise With Us
      • Privacy Policy
      • Terms of Use
    Expert's Opinion

    Supply & Demand Market Review

    GWI report includes updates on vitamins, amino acids, sweeteners and specialty products.

    Related CONTENT
    • KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets
    • Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health
    • CGA-7 Green Coffee Extract by Vidya Herbs Achieves Self-Affirmed GRAS Status
    • Meta-Analysis Determines HMB Supplementation Promotes Healthy Muscle Mass in Older Adults
    • The Next Generation Beauty-From-Within Ingredient: Lustriva
    Jim Schultz, CEO & Founder, Green Wave Ingredients (GWI)10.31.14
    Overall, customer demand for dietary supplements this year is stable, but market trends for other ingredients are quite different. Some are trending up, but in short supply, while others are experiencing a soft market. These market variations are a result of manufacturer output changes due to pollution control, overcapacity, and procurement of starting materials.
     
    It is a good time to review the market trend and start to plan for 2015.
     
    Vitamins
     
    Vitamin C Series
    From our mid-year report, we advised: “Chinese manufacturers are trying to increase the price so that they could recover from their losses, but also have to face the fact that output could easily be over demand and they have to move inventory to keep the business going.”
     
    Currently, vitamin C remains flat due to oversupply even though the starting material price (corn) is on the rise by 10-20%.
     
    Vitamin B1/B6
    The price remains at high levels, but may come down gradually when production is resumed next year.
     
    Vitamin B2
    It is reported that DSM will shut down production for 6 weeks for plant maintenance; BASF increased price for both feed and food grade by 20%. Major Chinese manufacturers also announced price increases. Currently, the U.S. market is firm and we are looking at an upward trend for vitamin B2.
     
    Vitamin B5
    As predicted from our last report, the price is coming down slowly. More and more manufacturers are developing production lines for B5 starting material and we are seeing this trend will continue to first quarter of 2015.
     
    Vitamin B12
    Output was limited by one major manufacturer due to pollution control issues. Demand is a little greater than supply, but overall, it is balanced and the price is firm.
     
    Vitamin D3
    From our mid-year report, the output of D3 is limited due to unstable production from Chinese manufacturers. The starting material is in short supply, and although manufacturers are trying to fulfill blanket orders, there is no material available for spot purchase. We predict this trend will continue into the first quarter of 2015.
     
    Folic Acid
    We have not provided updates on this ingredient in our previous reports, however, the price has increased drastically due to limited supply. Manufacturers faced a flat market for years, and production was shut down due to pollution control, so availability is slim.
     
    Amino Acids
     
    L-Cysteine and L-Cystine
    The current market is stable.
     
    L-Arginine
    Sales increased in October; this may be due to pre-holiday production preparation. However, the market is still flat due to overstock. The material is not only from Chinese manufacturers, it includes Korea, Japan, and Indonesia. With an increase in demand now, the price might increase slightly but will remain low and stable for the long term.
     
    L-Leucine
    We believe the price of L-Leucine will remain stable at this time. New manufacturers with fermentation technology have been able to present low prices, however, hydrolyzed material is preferred in the market at this point.
     
    L-Valine and L-Isoleucine
    Prices of these are low due to increased production. We predict major manufacturers will adjust production, which may affect price; it’s recommended to place a blanket order for the remainder of the year.
     
    L-Glutamine
    The market has been low in the past three months, but quickly bouncing back.
     
    As suggested during our last report, blanket orders are recommended as the prices will rise through the end of the year.
     
    Taurine
    Ample supply has resulted in a soft market. New manufacturers with strong backgrounds have emerged, and some established manufacturers expanded their production line. Prices are historically low, and it’s recommended to lock this price with a blanket order. The current market will gradually increase in the first quarter of 2015.
     
    Sweeteners
     
    Xylitol
    The price is stable.
     
    Stevia
    This is short in supply due to limited harvest from farmers. It will take one year for the market to rebound. We suggest customers evaluate stock as we predict the price will continue to increase for the rest of the year and into the first half of 2015.
     
    Sucralose
    The market is currently stable and low, and profits from manufacturers are slim, a result of over production. Some manufacturers have already ceased production; it’s predicted that 3-5 competitive manufacturers will survive in the long term.
     
    Specialty Ingredients
     
    CoQ10
    The price remains stable.
     
    Creatine Monohydrate
    Good availability with low, stable pricing.
     
    Caffeine
    The starting material costs for caffeine increased in April and May, which led to a shortage and price increase from April to May. The price is now back at normal levels and remains stable.
     
    MSM/Sodium Hyaluronate/Glucosamine
    It’s a good time to lock in a blanket order for these ingredients. MSM will remain stable as the supply and market demand is balanced. The current production technology will remain the same. Sodium Hyaluronate will be on a downward trend, as production increased and price competition is fierce. Glucosamine will keep stable due to balanced supply and demand or maybe a little soft.
    Related Searches
    • Amino Acids
    • Vitamin
    • Sweeteners
    • Glucosamine
    Related Knowledge Center
    • Sweeteners
    • Healthcare Trends
    • Dietary Supplements
    Suggested For You
    KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets
    Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health
    CGA-7 Green Coffee Extract by Vidya Herbs Achieves Self-Affirmed GRAS Status CGA-7 Green Coffee Extract by Vidya Herbs Achieves Self-Affirmed GRAS Status
    Meta-Analysis Determines HMB Supplementation Promotes Healthy Muscle Mass in Older Adults Meta-Analysis Determines HMB Supplementation Promotes Healthy Muscle Mass in Older Adults
    The Next Generation Beauty-From-Within Ingredient: Lustriva The Next Generation Beauty-From-Within Ingredient: Lustriva
    Plant-Based Food Sales Surge to $7 Billion in 2020 on 27% Growth Plant-Based Food Sales Surge to $7 Billion in 2020 on 27% Growth
    Caulipower Launches Plant-Based Pasta Caulipower Launches Plant-Based Pasta
    Mary Jane’s Botanicals: Unique Formulations Hand-Crafted with Premium Ingredients Mary Jane’s Botanicals: Unique Formulations Hand-Crafted with Premium Ingredients
    Supporting CBD Science: The Path to Claims Supporting CBD Science: The Path to Claims
    Probi and Sinopharm Enter Strategic Partnership in China Probi and Sinopharm Enter Strategic Partnership in China
    NSF/Harvard Study Finds Deterenol, Other Stimulants in Sports & Weight Loss Supplements NSF/Harvard Study Finds Deterenol, Other Stimulants in Sports & Weight Loss Supplements
    Medical Sales Representative Chiropractic – Houston, TX Medical Sales Representative Chiropractic – Houston, TX
    Medical Sales Representative Chiropractic – Irvine, CA Medical Sales Representative Chiropractic – Irvine, CA
    Innova Discusses Trends in Plant Protein Expected for 2021 Innova Discusses Trends in Plant Protein Expected for 2021
    Focus, Endurance, Resilience: The Esports Community is Seeking Out Supplements Focus, Endurance, Resilience: The Esports Community is Seeking Out Supplements

    Related Expert's Opinion

    • Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management | Dietary Supplements | Healthcare Trends | Inflammation | Medical Nutrition | Minerals | Vitamins
      Supplements to Extend Healthy Blood Sugar Levels

      Supplements to Extend Healthy Blood Sugar Levels

      Opportunities are growing for lifestyle-oriented brands to help stem the tide of diabetes.
      Jim LaValle, RPh, CCN 02.20.15

    • Dietary Supplements | Immune Function | Vitamins
      Antibiotics: Reversing the Reliance

      Antibiotics: Reversing the Reliance

      Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led health professionals and patients down a dangerous path, but there is a solution.
      Sarath Malepati, MD 02.09.15

    • Bone & Joint Health | Dietary Supplements | Enzymes | Quality & Safety | Research
      Supplement Approach Effective in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

      Supplement Approach Effective in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

      MOVES study further validates efficacy of glucosamine and chondroitin.
      Dr. Nicholas DiNubile, MD 02.05.15


    • Antioxidants | Cardiovascular Health | Cognitive Function | Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management | Healthy Aging | Immune Function | Inflammation | Mood Health & Sleep | Research | Vitamins
      Protection Against Aging & Disease

      Protection Against Aging & Disease

      Can antioxidants and other nutrients preserve telomere length?
      Dr. Nancy Ray, Science Officer, McCord Research 12.18.14

    • Dietary Supplements | Quality & Safety | Regulations | Testing
      Safety Considerations With FDA’s Anticipated NDI Guidance Document

      Safety Considerations With FDA’s Anticipated NDI Guidance Document

      What factors should companies evaluate when considering pursuit of GRAS or NDI approval?
      Robert S. McQuate, PhD, and Richard C. Kraska, PhD, DABT, GRAS Associates LLC, a Nutrasource company 12.09.14

    • Dietary Supplements | Quality & Safety | Regulations | Testing
      Qualifying Vendors in Accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices

      Qualifying Vendors in Accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices

      FDA offers guidelines on how to qualify potential vendors to ensure you produce a high-quality, contaminant-free product.
      Dr. Richard Soltero, PhD, President of InstantGMP, Inc. 11.13.14


    • Healthcare Trends
      Capital Prospects in the Nutrition Sector

      Capital Prospects in the Nutrition Sector

      Growth in the public capital markets won’t last forever.
      Steve Allen, Nutrition Capital Network 11.10.14

    • Dietary Supplements | Packaging | Regulations | Vitamins
      Nutraceutical Packaging Stands Up

      Nutraceutical Packaging Stands Up

      The latest packaging formats for an array of dietary supplements and nutritional foods will be showcased at Pharma EXPO.
      Tom Egan, Vice President, Industry Services, PMMI, The Association for Packaging and Processing Technologies 09.09.14

    • Dietary Supplements | Vitamins | Women's Health
      Prenatal Health: Essential Nutrients for Moms-To-Be

      Prenatal Health: Essential Nutrients for Moms-To-Be

      Women can keep their babies healthy through diet, prenatal vitamins or a combination of both.
      Michele McRae, CN, Senior Director, Formulation, Research & Quality, Rainbow Light 08.18.14


    • Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management | Dietary Supplements | Research | Vitamins
      Natural Treatments for Alcoholism & Addiction

      Natural Treatments for Alcoholism & Addiction

      Nutritional supplementation, herbal medicine, homeopathy, essential oils and various forms of bodywork may be effective treatment options.
      Miles E. Drake, Jr., MD 07.29.14

    • Bone & Joint Health | Functional Foods & Beverages | Minerals | Skin Health | Sports Nutrition | Vitamins | Women's Health
      How to Give Women What They Really Want

      How to Give Women What They Really Want

      Protein products aimed at women should speak to their specific health and nutrition concerns.
      Anne Poulsen, Business Development Manager, Arla Foods Ingredients 07.14.14

    • Dietary Supplements | Quality & Safety
      Bad Math: Some Protein Powders Don’t Deliver On Promises

      Bad Math: Some Protein Powders Don’t Deliver On Promises

      We need to clarify the proper way protein levels should be measured and reported.
      Jenna Bell, PhD, RD, Member, EAS Academy Advisory Panel 05.01.14


    • Dietary Supplements
      Consistency: The Key to Private Label Supplement Brand Success

      Consistency: The Key to Private Label Supplement Brand Success

      Brand consistency creates differentiation in customers’ minds.
      Stefani Thionnet, Owner & CEO, Private Label Supplement 04.17.14

    • Healthcare Trends | Packaging | Regulations | Sweeteners | Vitamins
      What to Expect from FDA’s Food Label Fix-Up

      What to Expect from FDA’s Food Label Fix-Up

      FDA announced its proposed food label tweaks in late February; here’s a look at what’s in store.
      Kit Broihier, MS, RD, LD, Guiding Stars 04.14.14

    • Cardiovascular Health | Research | Sweeteners
      Do Added Sugars Add Up To More Heart Disease?

      Do Added Sugars Add Up To More Heart Disease?

      A study published in JAMA looked at the sugar consumption habits of about 43,000 Americans.
      Kit Broihier, MS, RD, LD, Guiding Stars 03.24.14

    Trending
    • NSF/Harvard Study Finds Deterenol, Other Stimulants In Sports & Weight Loss Supplements
    • Several Studies Evaluate Role Of Vitamin D In COVID-19 Outcomes
    • Study Investigates Probiotics Impact On COVID-19 Remission Rates
    • Focus, Endurance, Resilience: The Esports Community Is Seeking Out Supplements
    • CGA-7 Green Coffee Extract By Vidya Herbs Achieves Self-Affirmed GRAS Status
    Breaking News
    • Four-Week Fish Oil Regimen Showed Significant Muscular Damage Protection in Recent Study
    • Review Covers Role of Vitamin K2 in the ‘Calcium Paradox’
    • KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets
    • Thorne Healthtech and PreCon Health to Launch Supplements for Pre-, Post-Impact Brain Health
    • Green Leafy Vegetable Intervention Reduces Marker of Colorectal Cancer Risk, Study Finds
    View Breaking News >
    CURRENT ISSUE

    April 2021

    • Optimizing Gut Health: Unlocking the Gates to Well-Being
    • Sweeteners Market Continues to Broaden with Cleaner Labels and Better Formulations
    • Green Business Network Seeks Comment on New Certification for Hemp-CBD Businesses
    • Delivering Dietary Supplements that Exceed Consumer Expectations
    • Delivering Better Gut Health Supplements
    • View More >

    Cookies help us to provide you with an excellent service. By using our website, you declare yourself in agreement with our use of cookies.
    You can obtain detailed information about the use of cookies on our website by clicking on "More information”.

    • About Us
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms And Conditions
    • Contact Us

    follow us

    Subscribe
    Nutraceuticals World

    Latest Breaking News From Nutraceuticals World

    Four-Week Fish Oil Regimen Showed Significant Muscular Damage Protection in Recent Study
    Review Covers Role of Vitamin K2 in the ‘Calcium Paradox’
    KD Pharma Acquires Rohner AG Manufacturing Assets
    Coatings World

    Latest Breaking News From Coatings World

    Jebsen & Jessen, Innospec Sign Distribution Agreement
    Shepherd Color Unveils Bismuth Vanadate Yellow Pigment
    HMG Paints Reports Positive Feedback on Contract Matt Emulsion
    Medical Product Outsourcing

    Latest Breaking News From Medical Product Outsourcing

    BioSig Launches Software Update for PURE EP Electrophysiology Platform
    Katena Acquires Ophthalmic Surgical Instrument Maker ASICO
    Vicarious Surgical Appoints CFO and Chief Legal Officer
    Contract Pharma

    Latest Breaking News From Contract Pharma

    BioVersys Gets EIB Funds to Address Antimicrobial Resistance
    Microbiologics Expands Virology Services
    ATMPS, Ori Biotech Integrate Digital Platform for Cell & Gene Therapies
    Beauty Packaging

    Latest Breaking News From Beauty Packaging

    Cosmoprof Worldwide Bologna Postpones 2021 Show
    Native Launches Broad Spectrum SPF 30 Mineral Sunscreens
    Revieve Launches Skin Coach
    Happi

    Latest Breaking News From Happi

    BASF Increases Price of Kaolin
    Kao Launches Online Beauty Store in Europe
    Neutrogena Takes Action on Skin Health Disparities
    Ink World

    Latest Breaking News From Ink World

    Kumon North America Adds Speedmaster XL 106 from Heidelberg
    SE-DA Invests in Kornit Presto S
    Acrylic Resins Market Worth $21.9 Billion by 2025: MarketsandMarkets
    Label & Narrow Web

    Latest Breaking News From Label & Narrow Web

    Maxcess updates user interface for Fife guiding Sensor
    Bobst announces virtual packaging industry event
    Edale appoints agent in Poland
    Nonwovens Industry

    Latest Breaking News From Nonwovens Industry

    PFNonwovens Adding New Capabilities in Znojmo
    Russ Torres Named Group President of Kimberly-Clark North America
    Aries Face Masks Meet ASTM Standards
    Orthopedic Design & Technology

    Latest Breaking News From Orthopedic Design & Technology

    Biogennix Rolls Out Agilon Strip Bone Graft
    Global Bone Tumor Ablation Devices Market to Top $111 Million by 2027
    GreenBone Ortho Closes 10 Million Euros Series B Funding Round
    Printed Electronics Now

    Latest Breaking News From Printed Electronics Now

    Virtual ASMC 2021 Spotlights Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Excellence
    European Commission's Innovation Radar Acknowledges 3 ARMOR Innovations
    SUPERSMART Wins 'Best Publicly Funded Project Demonstrator' in 2021 OE-A Competition

    Copyright © 2021 Rodman Media. All rights reserved. Use of this constitutes acceptance of our privacy policy The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Rodman Media.

    AD BLOCKER DETECTED

    Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
    Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker.


    FREE SUBSCRIPTION Already a subscriber? Login